One of the unintended consequences of the tech boom of the late 1990s and early part of this decade was the creation of a backlog in visa applications for foreign nurses. Nurses can only enter the US on the EB-3 green card category – the same category used by technology workers. Congress raised the H-1B cap to accommodate the need for more tech workers, but never raised the corresponding green card quotas.

The surge in green card demand that resulted form all of the extra H-1B technology workers finally came to a breaking point at the beginning of this year when the State Department was forced to roll back processing dates – “priority dates” – for workers from the Philippines, China and India. More than 90% of foreign nurses seeking to come to the US are from these three countries. Starting this past January, only applications filed before 2002 were being processed. Most nurses would face an additional two years of waiting.

Facing a dramatically severe shortage of nurses in the country and the sudden prospect of 1000s of nurses not arriving to fill positions at hospitals and nursing homes across the US, Congress acted by freeing up 50,000 green cards that failed to get used over the past four years. Those were visas that might have been issued but since there was no provision for the numbers to roll forward to the next year, they were wasted.

As part of the Tsunami/Iraq spending bill Congress is set to pass this week, Congress extended a provision in the American Competitiveness in the 21^st Century Act of 2000 that allowed unused employment-based green cards from 1999 and 2000 to be reclaimed for later years. The new law allows for the continuation of this practice for the years 2001 through 2004 as long as the numbers are allocated for nurses and physical therapists (Department of Labor Schedule A occupations) and as long as the number used does not exceed 50,000.

The green cards should become available immediately after President Bush signs the bill next week, but it is not clear how quickly consulates will move to issue the approvals. The bill is not quite as generous as an earlier version approved in the Senate that would have allowed all 140,000 of the potentially available unused green cards to be reclaimed. Half would have been available to nurses and the rest would have been available to all other workers.